Clone Trooper

Clone Troopers are a species of sapient clone soldiers genetically created by the Kaminoan race using the DNA of the Mandalorian bounty hunter, Jango Fett. Manufactured on the water planet of Kamino, they were created to be used as the primary military force of the Galactic Republic during the Clone Wars, and had various enhancements that normal Human or alien soldiers would be unable to achieve.

Biology
Being literal clones, Clone Troopers were all identical to both each other and to their template, Jango Fett, sharing the same face and being entirely male. The only physical differences between regular Clone Troopers occurred when certain troopers dyed their hair a different color, got tattoos, grew facial hair, completely shaved their head of hair, or took on cybernetics for one reason or another. There were a group of four Clone Troopers that were purposely modified to look different than their fellow Clone brothers, The Bad Batch commandos, who looked so different than their fellow Clones that some Clone Troopers mistook them for standard Human soldiers. Sometimes, a Clone Trooper is defective, and thus look different from the rest, such as Clone 99, who appeared to have aged faster, with pale skin and several deformities, giving him the appearance of a shriveled elderly man. While Clone Troopers are nearly identical to Humans physiologically, they are known to have at least somewhat higher strength, have less independent thought, bred specifically to take orders, and are also modified to age twice as fast as a Human, growing to adulthood in only ten years, and continuing to age rapidly for the rest of their lives, which cut down their lifespan to half that of a regular Human.

Culture and Society
Clone Troopers were created for one purpose, combat, meaning that their entire culture was solely based on nothing but the idea of fighting and dying in the heat of battle, while in service of the Galactic Republic. However, Clone Troopers still displayed distinct personalities.

A request for an army turned asunder
In the years following the Trade Federation's invasion of the planet Naboo, the Galactic Republic had began to slowly break apart, as criminal and pirate gangs began to attack planets under Republic protection in the Outer Rim. Along with this, several citizens within the Republic, such as the Skakokoan and the Neimoidians, were threatening to break apart from the Republic and start their own Separatist Alliance. Due to these dangerous threatening to break the union of the Republic, Jedi Master Sifo-Dyas, requested that an army be created to better defend the Galactic Republic. Although requests were rejected by the Jedi Council, Sifo-Dyas would still attempt to create an army to defend the Republic. This mission would lead Sifo-Dyas to travel to the Outer Rim planet of Kamino, where he would make a deal with the native Kaminoans, who were known for their expert cloning techniques, to begin construction of a Clone Army for the Republic. This plan would be discovered by the former Jedi Master, Count Dooku, and his new Sith master, Darth Sidious, who decided to use this Clone Army in their plot to take over the Republic and destroy the Jedi. They two then hired a criminal syndicate, the Pykes, to kill Sifo-Dyas, and then travel to Kamino, posing as Jedi, to tell the Kaminoans to implant a control chip into the minds of every Clone produced for the Republic Army. These control chips would, when activated, force the Clones to kill any Jedi they come into contact with, naming the activation command, Order 66. Dooku would also hire a Mandalorian bounty hunter, Jango Fett, to be the genetic template for the Clones, as Jango was renowned for being a skilled Jedi killer.

Discovery and early service
Just before the start of the Clone Wars, the Clone Troopers would be discovered by the Galactic Republic after the Jedi Knight, Obi-Wan Kenobi, found out about their existence while tracking down Jango Fett and his son Boba Fett, before later getting captured by Separatists on Geonosis, and indirectly starting the Battle of Geonosis. Following their discovery by the Republic, the Clone troopers would swear loyalty to the government, becoming the main military force of the Republic, being led by the Jedi Order into battle against the Separatists and their Battle Droid armies. The clones were used in almost every battle during the Clone Wars, being excluded out of only a few battles during the war, such as the Battle of Onderon and the Second Battle of Florrum.

Execution of Order 66
Near the end of the Clone Wars, the Separatists began attacking numerous planets allied with the Galactic Republic in the Outer Rim, as well as the Republic capital planet Coruscant. This forced the Republic to send out large battalions of Clone Trooper, usually led by only one or two Jedi. During these many battles against the Separatists and Republic clones, Republic Supreme Chancellor Palpatine, who was secretly Darth Sidious, activated Order 66, forcing all of the Clones in battle to halt their battle with the Separatists to eliminate their Jedi Generals. This act successfully killed off more than half of the entire Jedi Order, with only a few Jedi, including Yoda and Obi-Wan, surviving the betrayal. Along with this, some Clone Troopers themselves denied Order 66, overcoming their inhibitor chips, as seen with Clone Troopers Captain Rex and Commander Wolf, and even with a few elite Clone Commandos denied the Order, as seen with all of the members of Ion and Omega Squadron.

Rise of an Empire
With the Jedi Order destroyed, as well as the Separatist leaders being killed by Palpatine's Sith apprentice, Darth Vader, on Mustafar, Chancellor Palpatine was able to reorganize the Republic into a new galactic order, the Galactic Empire. With this new change of allegiance, the Clone Troopers were integrated into the new Imperial Army, becoming Imperial Stormtroopers and aiding the new Empire in securing control of the galaxy fighting Separatist Holdouts, Pirate gangs, surviving Jedi, and early rebel cells before being decommissioned from service. Following this, most Clones either volunteered to train new human recruits for the Imperial Army, while most others completely retired from the Empire, either living out their lives as civilians in the galaxy, or becoming mercenaries for hire.

Known Subspecies
Though not common, there were a few 'subspecies' of the standard Clone Troopers designed by the Kaminoan people. These subspecies are usually made with the same genetic cloning template for the standard Clone Trooper, but with a few various alterations.

Anti-Trooper
One of the first subspecies of the standard Clone Trooper were the Anti-troopers. These clones were also created by the Kaminoans, but instead of being created to fight for the Republic or Empire, Anti-troopers were created for the sole purpose of aiding the Kaminoan people start an open rebellion against the Galactic Empire. They were created alongside the standard Republic Clone Trooper, but were given a few slight alterations, the biggest being that the Kaminoans designed the Anti-troopers to have a higher sapience level of intelligence than the normal clone, and were also given various bodily enhancements that turned the Anti-troopers into somewhat of clone super soldiers, giving the clones enhanced strength, speed, and agility that the standard Clone Trooper was not given. The Kaminoans first used their Anti-troopers against the Empire during what was known as the Clone Rebellion. During this, the Anti-troopers managed to eliminate an entire battalion of Imperial Stormtroopers and successfully retook Kamino for the Kaminoans. However, this victory was short lived, as the Empire retaliated by sending their best Stormtroopers, led by the bounty hunter, Boba Fett, to eliminate all Anti-troopers on the planet, as well as the rogue Kaminoans that created them. After a massive battle between the Empire and the Anti-trooper army, the Imperial Stormtroopers managed to take back control of the planet Kamino, killing all of the rebel Kaminoans and all of the Anti-troopers, rendering the entire species extinct.

Spraati Clone Troopers
Spraati Clone Troopers were a subspecies of Clone Trooper created by Darth Sidious using Kaminoan cloning technology that was later used by Chiss Grand Admiral Thrawn to create a massive army for the remaining Imperial forces in the galaxy after the Battle of Endor. These clones were created from a number of different specimens, but a few were created with the original Jango Fett DNA. One of the most well-known of the Spraati clones was Luuke Skywalker, a genetic clone of Jedi Knight and hero of the Rebel Alliance, Luke Skywalker.

Appearances

 * Star Wars Episode II: Attack of The Clones (first appearance)
 * Star Wars: Clone Wars
 * Star Wars: The Clone Wars
 * Star Wars: Battlefront
 * Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith
 * Star Wars: Heir to the Empire